What is arduino?
Arduino is a tool for controlling electronics, arduino can read inputs and control outputs.
How does arduino works!
It consists three major characteristics
1. Arduino hardware
2. Arduino IDE
3. Arduino code
* First we have Physical component which is called as hardware components of arduino, we have bunch of arduino boards, in them arduino UNO is popular.
One thing is common in all the boards and that is all have a microcontroller, and a microcontroller is a small computer on the arduino, so if you learn arduino it obviously learning microcontroller.
The microcontroller is what enables you to read the inputs and control the different outputs.
* Arduino is not just an hardware it is also consists software and that software thing is called Arduino IDE
An IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment and this is a software application that you download and use to program arduino boards.
Arduino IDE is an open source software and it is easy to code and it almost look like a text editor, the arduino ide is where you write your code and load it to the arduino hardware, and then the third part of the arduino is arduino code.
* In Arduino Code after the writing code it will directly load into the arduino board or microcontroller, And the arduino is basically c or c++ programming language.
It means user does not need to learn new language, and can utilize his skills on the arduino board.
The user manual is not only for electrical engineering it is for all the users who wish to make some new projects with the boards.
Because even the arduino board itself is simple to use, you can connect your board to the computer with the usb cable and the headers are given to connect electrical wires to the microcontroller, And the arduino has a built-in charging cable.
The Arduino code is with simple to use and load directly to board with one key.
- Really open source software and hardware
- Huge community
- Low cost boards and peripherals (when sourced from China :)
- It's simple (i.e. add abstraction to underlying MCU's "nuts & bolts" many times for the sake of efficiency/processing speed), but not too simple: so-called sketches are actually C/C++ code and you need some real programming skills for some real job
- It's mostly still AVR (8-bit) "eco-system" (and +5 V). There is many claims that other (e.g. ARM) architecture are supported but you'll find pretty soon that even 32-bit boards designed by Arduino team (e.g. Due, Zero, MKR) are not supported in a similar way to 8-bit (Uno, Leonardo, Mega2560): they are still second choice
- If you need more processing power and working memory be ready to kiss goodbye Arduino environment pretty soon
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